Percentage Calculator
Work out what X% of a number is, what percentage one number is of another, and the percentage change between two numbers — the three questions behind almost every percentage problem.
A percentage is a fraction of 100.
How the percentage calculator works
A percentage is a fraction of 100. "X% of Y" is Y × X ÷ 100; "X is what percent of Y" is X ÷ Y × 100; and the percentage change from A to B is (B − A) ÷ A × 100, positive for an increase and negative for a decrease. Choose the question, enter the two numbers, and the answer, the working and the reverse question update as you type.
Formula: X% of Y = Y × X / 100; X as % of Y = X / Y × 100; change = (B − A) / A × 100
Worked examples
| Inputs | Answer | Note |
|---|---|---|
| 15% of 240 | 36 | 240 × 0.15 |
| 36 is what % of 240 | 15% | 36 ÷ 240 × 100 |
| Change from 80 to 100 | +25% | (100 − 80) ÷ 80 |
| Change from 100 to 80 | -20% | a decrease — the same 20 is −20% here |
FAQFrequently asked questions
How do I work out a percentage of a number?
Multiply the number by the percentage and divide by 100. 15% of 240 is 240 × 15 ÷ 100 = 36.
How do I find what percentage one number is of another?
Divide the part by the whole and multiply by 100. 36 of 240 is 36 ÷ 240 × 100 = 15%.
Why is a 20% rise followed by a 20% fall not back to the start?
Because the fall is 20% of the larger number. 100 → 120 → 96. Percentage changes compound; they do not simply add.
What is the difference between percentage points and percent?
Going from 10% to 15% is a rise of 5 percentage points but a 50% increase in the rate.
How do I add a percentage to a price?
Multiply by (1 + rate). Adding 10% to 50 is 50 × 1.10 = 55; removing 10% from 55 is 55 ÷ 1.10 = 50, not 55 × 0.90.
Where these figures come from
- NIST Digital Library of Mathematical Functions — reference definitions for elementary and special functions
- Wolfram MathWorld — definitions and formulas for every topic on this page
- NIST/SEMATECH e-Handbook of Statistical Methods — the statistical formulas (mean, variance, z, confidence intervals, sample size)
- Australian Curriculum (ACARA) — Mathematics — the terms and methods taught in Australian schools
Last checked: September 2026. Formulas are fixed by mathematics and do not change with tax years or regulations.